Hypothesis: HR 309:
The Banach-Tarski Paradox: There are three finite partitions \(\{P_1,\ldots\), \(P_n\}\), \(\{Q_1,\ldots,Q_r\}\) and \(\{S_1,\ldots,S_n, T_1,\ldots,T_r\}\) of \(B^3 = \{x\in {\Bbb R}^3 : |x| \le 1\}\) such that \(P_i\) is congruent to \(S_i\) for \(1\le i\le n\) and \(Q_i\) is congruent to \(T_i\) for \(1\le i\le r\).
Conclusion: HR 163:
Every non-well-orderable set has an infinite, Dedekind finite subset.
List of models where hypothesis is true and the conclusion is false:
| Name | Statement |
|---|---|
| \(\cal M27\) Pincus/Solovay Model I | Let \(\cal M_1\) be a model of \(ZFC + V =L\) |
| \(\cal M40(\kappa)\) Pincus' Model IV | The ground model \(\cal M\), is a model of \(ZF +\) the class form of \(AC\) |
| \(\cal N2\) The Second Fraenkel Model | The set of atoms \(A=\{a_i : i\in\omega\}\) is partitioned into two element sets \(B =\{\{a_{2i},a_{2i+1}\} : i\in\omega\}\). \(\mathcal G \) is the group of all permutations of \( A \) that leave \( B \) pointwise fixed and \( S \) is the set of all finite subsets of \( A \). |
| \(\cal N2(\aleph_{\alpha})\) Jech's Model | This is an extension of \(\cal N2\) in which \(A=\{a_{\gamma} : \gamma\in\omega_{\alpha}\}\); \(B\) is the corresponding set of \(\aleph_{\alpha}\) pairs of elements of \(A\); \(\cal G\)is the group of all permutations on \(A\) that leave \(B\) point-wise fixed;and \(S\) is the set of all subsets of \(A\) of cardinality less than\(\aleph_{\alpha}\) |
| \(\cal N12(\aleph_1)\) A variation of Fraenkel's model, \(\cal N1\) | Thecardinality of \(A\) is \(\aleph_1\), \(\cal G\) is the group of allpermutations on \(A\), and \(S\) is the set of all countable subsets of \(A\).In \(\cal N12(\aleph_1)\), every Dedekind finite set is finite (9 is true),but the \(2m=m\) principle (3) is false |
| \(\cal N12(\aleph_2)\) Another variation of \(\cal N1\) | Change "\(\aleph_1\)" to "\(\aleph_2\)" in \(\cal N12(\aleph_1)\) above |
| \(\cal N12(\aleph_{\alpha})\) A generalization of \(\cal N12(\aleph_1)\).Replace ``\(\aleph_1\)'' by ``\(\aleph_{\alpha}\)'' where \(\aleph_{\alpha}\) isa singular cardinal | Thus, \(|A|=\aleph_{\alpha}\); \(\cal G\) is the groupof all permutations on \(A\); and \(S\) is the set of all subsets of \(A\) withcardinality less than \(\aleph_{\alpha}\) |
| \(\cal N14\) Morris/Jech Model | \(A = \bigcup\{A_{\alpha}: \alpha <\omega_1\}\), where the \(A_{\alpha}\)'s are pairwise disjoint, each iscountably infinite, and each is ordered like the rationals; \(\cal G\) isthe group of all permutations on \(A\) that leave each \(A_{\alpha}\) fixedand preserve the ordering on each \(A_{\alpha}\); and \(S = \{B_{\gamma}:\gamma < \omega_1\}\), where \(B_{\gamma}= \bigcup\{A_{\alpha}: \alpha <\gamma\}\) |
| \(\cal N15\) Brunner/Howard Model I | \(A=\{a_{i,\alpha}: i\in\omega\wedge\alpha\in\omega_1\}\) |
| \(\cal N17\) Brunner/Howard Model II | \(A=\{a_{\alpha,i}:\alpha\in\omega_1\,\wedge i\in\omega\}\) |
| \(\cal N18\) Howard's Model I | Let \(B= {B_n: n\in\omega}\) where the \(B_n\)'sare pairwise disjoint and each is countably infinite and let \(A=\bigcup B\) |
| \(\cal N21(\aleph_{\alpha+1})\) Jensen's Model | We assume \(\aleph_{\alpha+1}\) is a regular cardinal |
| \(\cal N23\) Howard/Mostowski Linearly Ordered Model | This model is amodification of \(\cal N3\) |
| \(\cal N27\) Hickman's Model II | Let \(A\) be a set with cardinality\(\aleph_1\) such that \(A=\{(a_{\alpha},b_{\beta}) : \alpha < \omega, \beta< \omega_1\}\) |
| \(\cal N33\) Howard/H\.Rubin/J\.Rubin Model | \(A\) is countably infinite;\(\precsim\) is a dense linear ordering on \(A\) without first or lastelements (\((A,\precsim) \cong (\Bbb Q,\le)\)); \(\cal G\) is the group of allorder automorphisms on \((A,\precsim)\); and \(S\) is the set of all boundedsubsets of \(A\) |
| \(\cal N36(\beta)\) Brunner/Howard Model III | This model is a modificationof \(\cal N15\) |
| \(\cal N38\) Howard/Rubin Model I | Let \((A,\le)\) be an ordered set of atomswhich is order isomorphic to \({\Bbb Q}^\omega\), the set of all functionsfrom \(\omega\) into \(\Bbb Q\) ordered by the lexicographic ordering |
| \(\cal N40\) Howard/Rubin Model II | A variation of \(\cal N38\) |
| \(\cal N41\) Another variation of \(\cal N3\) | \(A=\bigcup\{B_n; n\in\omega\}\)is a disjoint union, where each \(B_n\) is denumerable and ordered like therationals by \(\le_n\) |
| \(\cal N49\) De la Cruz/Di Prisco Model | Let \(A = \{ a(i,p) : i\in\omega\land p\in {\Bbb Q}/{\Bbb Z} \}\) |
Code: 5
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