Description:

This note contains the proof that forms 14 (The Boolean Prime Ideal Theorem), [14 BM], [14 BN], and [14 BO] are equivalent.

Content:

Forms 14 (The Boolean Prime Ideal Theorem), [14 BM], [14 BN], and [14 BO] are equivalent. (Recall: [14 BM]:  A system of equations over a finite ring \(R\) has a solution in \(R\) if and only if every finite sub-system has a solution in \(R\).  [14 BN]: A system of equations over a finite field \(F\) has a solution in \(F\) if and only if every finite sub-system has a solution in \(F\).   [14 BO]:  A system of equations over a finite structure \((A,+,\cdot)\) has a solution in \(A\), if and only if every finite sub-system has a solution in \(A\).) First, it is clear that [14 BO] implies [14 BM] implies [14 BN]. We shall show that [14 J] implies [14 BO] and that [14 BN] implies Form 14. 1 [14 J] implies [14 BO]. Let \(A\) be a finite set with two operations \(+\) and \(\cdot\) defined on it. Suppose \(\Sigma\) is a set of equations over \(A\) such that every finite subset of \(\Sigma\) has a solution. Let \(V\) be the set of variables which occur in \(\Sigma\). Since \(A\) is finite the discrete topology on \(A\) is compact. By [14 J], the product \(P = \prod_{i\in V}A\) is compact. For each finite subset \(\sigma\) of \(\Sigma\), let \(x_\sigma =\{ f\in P : f\) is a solution for \(\sigma\}\). Let \(B = \{ x_\sigma : \sigma\) is a finite subset of \(\Sigma\}\). The set \(B\) is a set of closed subsets of \(P\) with the finite intersection property. Since \(P\) is compact,the intersection of \(B\) is non-empty. Any element of the intersection is a solution of the system \(\Sigma\). 2 [14 BN] implies Form 14. Let \(B\) be a Boolean algebra and for each \(b\in B\), let \(x_b\) be a variable.  For \(b\in B\), let \(b'\) be the complement of \(b\). For each \(b, c\in B\), consider the following set of equations \(\Sigma\) over the two  element field \(\{0,1\}\): \[x_b + x_b' = 1,\qquad\qquad x_{b\cap c} = x_b \cdot x_c.\] It is easy to see that each finite subset of \(\Sigma\) has a solution. [14 BN] implies that \(\Sigma\) has a solution. Therefore, the set \(\{b\in B: x_b = 1\}\) is an ultrafilter.

Howard-Rubin number: 30

Type: Proofs and statements

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