Implications

We have the following indirect implication of form equivalence classes:

161 \(\Rightarrow\) 387
given by the following sequence of implications, with a reference to its direct proof:

Implication Reference
161 \(\Rightarrow\) 9 Defining cardinal addition by \(le\)-formulas, Haussler, A. 1983, Fund. Math.
9 \(\Rightarrow\) 82 clear
82 \(\Rightarrow\) 387 "Dense orderings, partitions, and weak forms of choice", Gonzalez, C. 1995a, Fund. Math.

Here are the links and statements of the form equivalence classes referenced above:

Howard-Rubin Number Statement
161:

Definability of cardinal addition in terms of \(\le\): There is a first order formula whose only non-logical symbol is \( \le \) (for cardinals) that defines cardinal addition.

9:

Finite \(\Leftrightarrow\) Dedekind finite: \(W_{\aleph_{0}}\) Jech [1973b]: \(E(I,IV)\) Howard/Yorke [1989]): Every Dedekind finite set is finite.

82:

\(E(I,III)\) (Howard/Yorke [1989]): If \(X\) is infinite then \(\cal P(X)\) is Dedekind infinite. (\(X\) is finite \(\Leftrightarrow {\cal P}(X)\) is Dedekind finite.)

387:

DPO:  Every infinite set has a non-trivial, dense partial order.  (A partial ordering \(<\) on a set \(X\) is dense if \((\forall x, y\in X)(x \lt y \to (\exists z \in X)(x \lt z \lt y))\) and is non-trivial if \((\exists x,y\in X)(x \lt y)\)).

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