Fraenkel \(\cal N8\): L\"auchli's Model II | Back to this models page
Description: \(A\) is countably infinite, ordered likethe rational numbers; \(\cal G\) is the group of all order automorphisms of\(A\); and \(S\) is the set of all subsets \(E\) of \(A\) such that \(E\) has atmost a finite number of accumulation points and every infinite subset of\(E\) has an accumulation point
When the book was first being written, only the following form classes were known to be true in this model:
Form Howard-Rubin Number | Statement |
---|---|
6 | \(UT(\aleph_0,\aleph_0,\aleph_0,\Bbb R)\): The union of a denumerable family of denumerable subsets of \({\Bbb R}\) is denumerable. |
37 | Lebesgue measure is countably additive. |
91 | \(PW\): The power set of a well ordered set can be well ordered. |
130 | \({\cal P}(\Bbb R)\) is well orderable. |
191 | \(SVC\): There is a set \(S\) such that for every set \(a\), there is an ordinal \(\alpha\) and a function from \(S\times\alpha\) onto \(a\). |
273 | There is a subset of \({\Bbb R}\) which is not Borel. |
305 | There are \(2^{\aleph_0}\) Vitali equivalence classes. (Vitali equivalence classes are equivalence classes of the real numbers under the relation \(x\equiv y\leftrightarrow(\exists q\in{\Bbb Q})(x-y=q)\).). \ac{Kanovei} \cite{1991}. |
309 | The Banach-Tarski Paradox: There are three finite partitions \(\{P_1,\ldots\), \(P_n\}\), \(\{Q_1,\ldots,Q_r\}\) and \(\{S_1,\ldots,S_n, T_1,\ldots,T_r\}\) of \(B^3 = \{x\in {\Bbb R}^3 : |x| \le 1\}\) such that \(P_i\) is congruent to \(S_i\) for \(1\le i\le n\) and \(Q_i\) is congruent to \(T_i\) for \(1\le i\le r\). |
313 | \(\Bbb Z\) (the set of integers under addition) is amenable. (\(G\) is {\it amenable} if there is a finitely additive measure \(\mu\) on \(\cal P(G)\) such that \(\mu(G) = 1\) and \(\forall A\subseteq G, \forall g\in G\), \(\mu(gA)=\mu(A)\).) |
361 | In \(\Bbb R\), the union of a denumerable number of analytic sets is analytic. G. Moore [1982], pp 181 and 325. |
363 | There are exactly \(2^{\aleph_0}\) Borel sets in \(\Bbb R\). G. Moore [1982], p 325. |
368 | The set of all denumerable subsets of \(\Bbb R\) has power \(2^{\aleph_0}\). |
369 | If \(\Bbb R\) is partitioned into two sets, at least one of them has cardinality \(2^{\aleph_0}\). |
When the book was first being written, only the following form classes were known to be false in this model:
Form Howard-Rubin Number | Statement |
---|---|
15 | \(KW(\infty,\infty)\) (KW), The Kinna-Wagner Selection Principle: For every set \(M\) there is a function \(f\) such that for all \(A\in M\), if \(|A|>1\) then \(\emptyset\neq f(A)\subsetneq A\). (See Form 81(\(n\)). |
78 | Urysohn's Lemma: If \(A\) and \(B\) are disjoint closed sets in a normal space \(S\), then there is a continuous \(f:S\rightarrow [0,1]\) which is 1 everywhere in \(A\) and 0 everywhere in \(B\). Urysohn [1925], pp 290-292. |
Historical background: L\"auchli shows that Urysohn's Lemma (78)is false in this model.
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